When you create or edit a standard type, there are two options related to weights.

The Weight field of a standard type lets you assign a mastery weight to the type as compared to other standard types when combining into an overall class grade. This allows you to set up something like 80% academic (Academic type gets weight 80) and 20% work habits (Work Habits type gets weight 20). If you leave the weight blank for all types, the overall class grade falls back on the weights of the underlying standards and does not apply a specific weight to the type.

Parent Standard Weights determines the mode the Standard Type uses to combine the underlying parent standard scores into an overall score for the standard type. If set to Equal, each parent standard score of the type is averaged (simple average) to get a standard type score. If set to Pass-through, the underlying parent standards are weighted based on the weight of the underlying child standards. If set to custom, you are responsible for managing the weight of parent standards manually.